Steam power plant is a thermal power plant consists of main components and auxiliary components as well as other systems.
The main component consists of four components, namely:
- Boiler
- Steam Turbine
- Condenser
- Generator
Boiler
Boiler has the function to convert water into steam. The process of change of water to vapor done by heating the water in the pipes with heat from burning fuel. Combustion processes carried out continuously in the combustion chamber with fuel and air flow from the outside.
The resulting steam is superheat steam which have high temperature and high pressure. Steam production quantities dependent on the surface area of heat transfer, flow rate, and the heat of combustion is given. Boiler construction consisting of water-filled pipes called a water tube boiler
Steam Turbine
Steam turbine working to change the heat energy contained in the steam into rotary motion. Steam with high pressure and temperature were directed to push turbine blades mounted on the shaft, so the shaft rotates. Due to perform work on the turbine, the pressure and temperature of steam coming into the turbine down to saturated vapor. This steam then flows to the condenser, while the rotary power is used to turn a generator. Today almost all of the steam turbine is a type of condensing turbine
Condenser
Condensers are devices to convert steam into water. The changes done by the steam flow into a room containing tubes. Steam flows outside tubes, while the cooling water flowing inside the tubes.
This is called surface condenser condenser. Usually for coolant use sea water.
Heat transfer rate depends on the flow of cooling water, sanitation tubes and the temperature difference between the steam and cooling water. The process of change into water vapor occurs at saturated pressure and temperature, in this case the condenser is under vacuum. because the cooling water temperature equal to the outside temperature, the maximum temperature condensate water near the outside air temperature. if the rate of heat transfer interrupted it will affect the pressure and temperature.
Generator
The main purpose of the activities at a plant is electricity. Electrical energy generated from the generator. Function generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of a round with the principle of magnetic induction.
Generator consists of stator and rotor. stator consists of the casing which contains coils and a rotor magnetic field station consists of a core containing a coil