What is the Purpose of Piping and Instrumentation Diagram?

P&ID: A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram - P&ID, is a schematic illustration of functional relationship of piping, instrumentation and system equipment components P&ID shows all of piping including the physical sequence of branches, reducers, valves, equipment, instrumentation and control interlocks.

A P&ID should include, Instrumentation and designations, Mechanical equipment with names and numbers, All valves and their identifications, Process piping, sizes and identification , Miscellaneous – vents, drains, special fittings, sampling lines, reducers, Permanent start-up and flush lines, Flow directions, Interconnections references, Control inputs and outputs, interlocks, Quality level, Computer control system input, Vendor and contractor interfaces, Intended physical sequence of the equipment, Instrument root valves, control relays, manual switches, equipment rating or capacity, primary instrument tubing and valves, pressure, temperature and flow data, elbow, tees and similar standard fittings, extensive explanatory notes

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